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HORSE COLLAR No. 314,589.

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T. P. LEMASSENA.

MOLD.

Patented Mar. 31, 1885.

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THEODORE F. LEMASSENA, OFNFNVARK, NEWV JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO LI LLIAN.LEHASSENA, OF SAME PLACE.

HORSE-COLLAR MOLD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 314,589, dated March31. 1885.

Application filed January 6, 1885. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THEODORE F. LEMAS- SENA, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing in Newark, Essex county, New Jersey, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in HorseOollar Molds,fnlly describedand represented in the following specification and the accompanyingdrawings, forming a part of the same.

' This invention consists in an improved construction for a sectionalmold adapted for shaping a horse-collar from a mass of plastic oryielding material, as hereinafter fully set forth.

Heretofore horse-collar molds have been made with top and bottomsections and removable side sections adapted to form the hame-crease,and I do not therefore claim such combination herein, but restrict mypresent application to the specific improvements herein shown anddescribed, which render such molds capable of performing severalfunctions not possible with previous constructions.

My improvements enable me to subject the material to a preliminarypressing in the same mold as that used for giving the final shape, andto prevent the formation of ridges or flaps at the joints of the mold,and to thereby press the mold closer together, and to obtain the correctform more perfectly. The absence of the ridges at the joints of the moldalso avoids the labor of trimming them off and concealing the scars leftbehind.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan of the inner and outer lowersections of the mold. Fig. 2 is an edge view of the entire mold. Fig. 3is a transverse section of the same on line a w in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is asimilar section of one side of the mold, taken at line y y in Fig. 1;and Fig. 5 is an end view.

My improved mold is shown herein constructed with one annular section,A,embracing the greater part of the front of the collar, two innerbottom sections, B B, embracing the inner side of the back, and twoouter bottom sections,0 0, each embracing one-half of the hamecrease andof the outer side of the back. In Fig. 3 the edges of the section A arebeveled to an acute corner, where they come in contact with the sectionsB B and O C, and stops E are provided to prevent damage to such cornersby excess of pressure, as

the mold is commonly made of cast-iron, and not intended to actuallypress upon the 0pposed surface. The lower sections are each fitted toone another closely at the top and bottom of the collar, at which pointsI provide the joint with hinged bolts G G, formed with an eye, G at thehead, which eye is pivoted to one section by ears, G and apin, G Twolugs, H, are formed upon the opposite section, and the joint is drawnclosely together by swinging the end of the bolt G between these lugsand screwing up the nut H upon the end of the bolt. The bolts and lugsfor the sections B B are placed inside of the same, as shown in Fig. 1,while the bolts and lugs for the sections 0 C are placed outside of thelatter, thus affording the means to clamp or unclamp each pair ofsections together independently of the other pair.

As shown in Fig. 3, the parting of the mold at a is made at so high apoint from its base that the inner walls of the sections B B extendpartly over the front of the collar, as 7 5 appears at 0 in Fig. 3, andthe collar cannot therefore be removed from these sections unless thelatter be contracted in some way. To effect such contraction, gibs e areinserted in the joints of the sections, and are shaped at ,80

their inner ends to form the walls of the mold at its extreme innerends. "When such gibs are adjusted in place, as shown in Fig. 1, thebolts G touch their outer ends and retain them in their operativeposition. than the bolts may be used to thus retain the gibs-as a steadypin or keyfor when the outer sections, 0 O, are locked together aroundthe inner sections the latter are held immovably, and need no fasteningswhatever during 0 the molding operations. I

This mold is used in any suitable screw Or lever or hydraulic press asfollows: I place the sections B B upon the bed of the press, which ismerely indicated at F in Figs. 2, 3, 5 and 4, and then fit the twosections 0 0 around them and lock them together by the bolts G and nutsH, the outer sections fitting accurately at their lower edges with thelower edge of the section B B at b,and thus forming a cavity with 100closed bottom and open top for the reception of the material, as leatherscraps mixed with cem- Any other means I ent. Having placed a suitablequantity of the materialin the mold, I apply the top section, A, andsubject the whole to sufficient pressure to shape the collar in thedesired degree. When the upper section closes upon the lower ones, anysurplus material is expelled beneath the edges of the section A, and isnearly or quite out off by the beveled edges of the section shown at a ain Fig. 3. If the mold is applied in this manner to shape the crudematerial, it is obvious that it cannot be used to apply a final shapingpressure to the collar after it is dried, as the collar shrinksmaterially in losing its moisture, and would not fill the mold ifreplaced therein. Ithas therefore been requisite heretofore to provide asmaller or finishing mold for such final shaping, as the collar isliable to warp orwrinkle as well as to shrink in the process of drying;and the second part of my invention consists in means for adapting thesame mold to apply a primary, an intermediate, and'a finishing pressureto the same collar. To give the primary pressure, I providelifting-plates d, of suitable shape, fitted to lie upon the bed of thepress beneath the sections 0 G, and to raise them as well as the stops Eout of their normal position a small amount, and slightly increase thecapacity of the mold. With the parts thus adjusted I mold and press acollar and then remove it from the mold and dry it partially. Thesections 0 0 require to be unlocked and separated to remove the collar,which is partly misshapen from the displacement of the sections 0 O. Thegibs e e are also withdrawn, and the sections B B pressed together untilthe collaris withdrawn and dried, when the gibs are readjusted and saidsections are clamped together again. I then remove the plates d, securethe sections 0 O in place with the partially-dried collar in the mold,and subject it to an intermediate pressure, which compresses and hardensthe material and shapes it much more perfectly than if it had beenpressed hard when in a softer state. The collar is then thoroughlydried, and to fit the mold to press it in its wholly shrunken conditionI provide the whole or any desired part of its interior with a suitablelining .adapted to diminish its cavity, and to thus fit the shrunkencollar and shape it finally. Such lining is shown at Z in Fig. 3, andmay be made of sheet-iron, copper, or japanned leather having a polishedsurface next the collar, and is so shaped as to give the final desiredform to the exterior of the collar.

To avoid lining the entire mold, its interior may be recessed out onlyat certain parts and a lining fitted only thereto, as shown in Fig. 8.The collar is then somewhat deformed when first molded, but is correctlyshaped at last, and such method entirely obviates the necessity and costof an expensive finishingmold.

Were the mold parted at a point nearer its base, the contraction of thesections B B and the provisions of the gibs e 6 might be'avoided; but insuch case the operator would have to first pile the material for thewhole collar into a cavity but little more than half of the needfulcapacity, and would have no guide as to the required quantity, nor theproper form in which to arrange the material, while the constructionshown herein enables me to make the partingline as high as may bedesired, and to thus enlarge the capacity of the lower mold-sections toembrace nearly all the material and form of the collar, leaving theupper section, A, with very little function except to compress thematerial already shaped and included in the other sections. The operatoris also enabled to paste the material inside the mold more correctlywhen so large a part of the form is included, and to build up theremaining portion more correctly when it proj cats from the top of themold so little, as is evident from the sections shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

To avoid the use of dowel-pins to guide the top of the mold whenapplied, I form the stops E as guides projecting from the outsidesections upward in contact with the sides of the top section, and formthe latter with ears E, to rest upon the top of such guides, which thusact as stops when the parts are pressed together. The guidesand ears Emay be reversed, and will operate just the same if applied to the partsopposite from those shown.

It is obvious that the outer bottom sections may be used with a solidinner section, as the parts B B may be made in one piece, if the partingor division is made at the widest part of the collar. I do not,therefore, limitmyself in all cases to the precise construction shown inthe drawings.

' Ihave not claimed the special construction of the cutting-edges shownherein at a (1, nor the lining-pieces Z, as I have claimed the samein aseparate patent application, No. 143,153, pending simultaneouslyherewith. It will be seen that the division of the bottom sections inthe manner described enables me to withdraw the sections from the collarwhile lying on a plane surface like the bed F, and that the newly-madeand tender collar is therefore much less liable to be injured in itsremoval from the mold than if the inner bottom section were solid. Myconstruction may therefore be said to enable me to remove the inner andouter sections from the collar in the same plane instead of indifi'erent directions,as heretofore.

I therefore claim my improvements as follows:

1. The combination, in a horse-collar mold, of the top section,A, theinner bottom section formed in two pieces, B B, and the outer bottomsection formed in two parts and provided with fastenings, substantiallyas shown and described.

2. The combination, in a horse-collar mold, I

of inner sections, B B, and outer bottom sections, 0 O, constructed andadapted to with IIO draw from the collar in the same plane bothinternally and externally, as and for the purpose herein shown anddescribed.

3. The combination, in a horse-collar mold, of the top section, A, theinner bottom sections, B B, provided with the removable gibs e e, andthe outer bottom sections, 0 0, provided with fastenings, substantiallyas shown and described.

4. The combination, in a horse-collar mold, of the top and bottomsections provided with the cutting-edges a a, as described, the stops EE, arranged to guide the parts of the mold when pressed together, andthe ears E E, arranged to touch the stops when the mold is properlyclosed, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination, with the divided sections of ahorse-collar mold, ofthebolt G, pivoted to one section and having a nut fitted to 20 lugsupon the opposite section and operating to clamp the sections together,as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing 25

